Łukasiewicz Tribes are Absolutely Sequentially Closed Bold Algebras

We show that each sequentially continuous (with respect to the pointwise convergence) normed measure on a bold algebra of fuzzy sets (Archimedean MV-algebra) can be uniquely extended to a sequentially continuous measure on the generated ukasiewicz tribe and, in a natural way, the extension is maximal. We prove that for normed measures on ukasiewicz tribes monotone (sequential) continuity implies sequential continuity, hence the assumption of sequential continuity is not restrictive. This yields a characterization of the ukasiewicz tribes as bold algebras absolutely sequentially closed with respect to the extension of probabilities. The result generalizes the relationship between fields of sets and the generated -fields discovered by J. Novák. We introduce the category of bold algebras and sequentially continuous homomorphisms and prove that ukasiewicz tribes form an epireflective subcategory. The restriction to fields of sets yields the epireflective subcategory of -fields of sets.     

统计递归集的Hausdorff测度的上、下界

给出了由随机压缩算子生成的统计递归集的Ｈａｕｓｄｏｒｆ测度上、下界的估计．也就是说,在一些条件下,找出了Ｋ（ω）∩∞ｎ＝１∪ｉ∈Ｎｎ（ω）ｆ（ω）ｎ,ｉ（Ｅ）的α－维Ｈａｕｓｄｏｒｆ测度的上、下界,其中｛ｆｎ,ｉ,１≤ｉ,ｎ＜∞｝是一族随机压缩算子,｛Ｎｎ（ω）,ｎ≥１｝是一族可数的随机指标集．     

Subseries Convergence and Unconditionally Convergence of Compact Operator Series

Let(E,r)bealocallyconvexHausdorfftopologicalvectorspace.AseriesZxiinEissaidtobesubseriesr-convergent(-s.c.),ifforeachstrictlyincreasingsequence{n,}inN,theseriesZx"'isT-convergent.TheseriesZx,issaidtobeunconditionallyr-convergent(r-u.c.),ifforeachpermutationffofN,theseriesZx,<,,ls.,r-convergence.rheseriesZx,issaidtobesubseriesunconditional1yT-convergent(r-s.u.c.)ifforeachstrictlyincreasingseqtience{n,}inN,theseriesZx.,isunconditionallyr-convergent.If(E,r)isasequentiallycompletespace,thenT…     

Pointwise Hardy inequalities

If is an open set with the sufficiently regular boundary, then the Hardy inequality holds for and , where . The main result of the paper is a pointwise inequality , where on the right hand side there is a kind of maximal function. The pointwise inequality combined with the Hardy-Littlewood maximal theorem implies the Hardy inequality. This generalizes some recent results of Lewis and Wannebo.

     

Nowhere monotone functions and functions of nonmonotonic type

We investigate the relationships between the notions of a continuous function being monotone on no interval, monotone at no point, of monotonic type on no interval, and of monotonic type at no point. In particular, we characterize the set of all points at which a function that has one of the weaker properties fails to have one of the stronger properties. A theorem of Garg about level sets of continuous, nowhere monotone functions is strengthened by placing control on the location in the domain where the level sets are large. It is shown that every continuous function that is of monotonic type on no interval has large intersection with every function in some second category set in each of the spaces , and .

     

Fuzzy nilpotent algebras

We define the concept of fuzzy nilpotent algebra, prove that the homomorphic inverse image of a fuzzy nilpotent algebra is also nilpotent and study the intersection and union of fuzzy nilpotent algebras.     

The systems approach and fuzzy set theory bridging the gap between mathematical and language-oriented economists

Ideas are presented to show how fuzzy mathematics can be applied in macro-economics in combination with the systems approach in order to bridge the gap between mathematical and language-oriented economists.Two reasons are given.From a mathematical point of view, fuzzy sets, fuzzy relations and fuzzy logic are not fuzzy at all. They are all well defined, but tend to be more complicated than traditional, mathematical concepts used in economics.From a language-oriented economist's point of view, fuzzy sets, etc. are used to express mathematically the type of concepts which are typical in language and most valuable in dealing with complex systems like an economy.The paper deals with economics in general terms, but examples are provided to illustrate the ideas.     

The personalization of security selection: An application of fuzzy set theory

We apply the theory of fuzzy subsets to the multiple objective decision problem of stock selection. We allow our objectives to have varying degrees of importance. We discuss various criteria used in selecting stocks. We indicate some procedures for subjectively evaluating the membership functions associated with these criteria.     

Fuzzy dynamical systems

A fuzzy dynamical system on an underlying complete, locally compact metric state space X is defined axiomatically in terms of a fuzzy attainability set mapping on X. This definition includes as special cases crisp single and multivalued dynamical systems on X. It is shown that the support of such a fuzzy dynamical system on X is a crisp multivalued dynamical system on X, and that such a fuzzy dynamical system can be considered as a crisp dynamical system on a state space of nonempty compact fuzzy subsets of X. In addition fuzzy trajectories are defined, their existence established and various properties investigated.